ISSN 2180-4508 / eISSN 2682-9347

Amalan Perakaunan Zakat di Majlis Agama Islam Negeri Terpilih

ABSTRAK

Ketiadaan piawaian khusus untuk perakaunan zakat telah menyebabkan wujudnya ketidakseragaman amalan perakaunan zakat oleh pentadbir zakat di Malaysia. Ianya juga telah menyebabkan pentadbir zakat didakwa mengalami masalah ketelusan dalam pentadbiran berkaitan zakat. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk meninjau amalan perakaunan kutipan dan agihan zakat yang dilaksanakan oleh Majlis Agama Islam Negeri (MAIN) terpilih. Seterusnya, penulisan ini akan membincangkan amalan perakaunan yang lebih bertepatan dengan konvensyen perakaunan yang diterima pakai serta mematuhi keperluan Syariah yang boleh dijadikan asas untuk pembangunan piawaian zakat. Pengumpulan data telah dijalankan melalui analisa ke atas Penyata Kewangan 2016 MAIN tersebut dan perbincangan kumpulan fokus bersama pegawai-pegawai MAIN yang berkaitan dengan pentadbiran zakat. Kajian mendapati kesemua MAIN terpilih telah melaksanakan perakaunan dana (fund accounting). Namun, perakaunan tunai digunakan bagi merekodkan urus niaga berkaitan zakat. Kutipan zakat diakaunkan sebagai hasil bagi Kumpulan Wang (KW) Zakat selaras dengan perakaunan dana. Agihan secara langsung (konsumtif) diakaunkan sebagai perbelanjaan (operasi) KW Zakat di kesemua MAIN terpilih. Walau bagaimanapun terdapat perbezaan dalam merekodkan agihan produktif zakat. Majoriti MAIN merekodkan agihan produktif yang melibatkan perbelanjaan modal (aset) sebagai perbelanjaan (operasi) KW Zakat dan tiada pengiktirafan aset.

Kata kunci: zakat, hasil, belanja, Majlis Agama Islam Negeri, MPSAS

ABSTRACT

The absence of a specific standard for zakat accounting has led to the inconsistency of zakat accounting practices by zakat administrators in Malaysia. Zakat administrators are alleged to have transparency issues in the zakat-related administrative affairs. The purpose of this article is to examine the accounting practices for the collection and distribution of zakat by the State Islamic Religious Council (SIRC). In turn, this article discusses accounting practices that aligned with generally accepted accounting conventions and comply with the Syariah requirements, which then be the basis for the development of zakat accounting standards. Data collection was conducted through analysis of the SIRC financial statements of 2016 and focus group discussions with officials of zakat administration and the accountants. The study found that all the selected SIRCs adopt fund accounting. They use cash accounting in the event of zakat transactions. Zakat collection is the revenue for the Zakat Fund (ZF) under the fund accounting. Direct (consummative) distributions as an expenditure of ZF in all the selected SIRCs. However, there are differences in accounting for productive zakat distributions involving capital expenditure (i.e. assets). Three SIRCs accounted for it as an expenditure (operations) of ZF and no recognition of assets. 

Keywords: zakat, income, expenses, State Islamic Religious Council, MPSAS

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DOI

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